People/ Gods
Pericles: is a politician who was a genius, one of the individuals who were part of Greek intelligence
Clisthenes : was brought up from birth to be a ruler;
Clisthenes would see that these ordinary people should have freedom.
From his earliest says he was taught he was an aristocrat.
Cleisthenes wanted regular people to govern their selves
The Corinthians: dominated greek trade.
Spartans: were brought up from birth to be soliders. Spartans were brought up to fight anything.
Mycenaean's: Began around 2000 BC.
Mycenaean kings dominated greece from 1600-1200 BC
Controlled trade in the region
1400 BC Mycenaean's invaded Crete and absorbed Minoan culture and language
Homer and Myths:
Only stories were kept and passed on by word of mouth
Homer lived at the end of the "Greek Dark Ages"
Recorded stories of the Trojan War in The Iliad and the Odssey
(written 750-700 BC)
Trojan war was probably one of the last conquests of the Mycenaean's
Homer was blind
Zeus: leader of the gods
Hera: Zeus' wife
Athena: goddess of wisdom
Pisistratus: was Cleisthenes brother in law , who came with a girl, she impersonates the goddess, Athena, and tells the people he's in charge.
Hippias: was in rule in Athens. His brother got killed, and he started tourchuring people. He didn’t trust anybody "he killed my brother hes gonna kill me next" took away all the rights of the people, treated people unfairly.
Cleisthenes fought Hippias and took over Athens
Isagoris- fought Cleisthenes to run Athens and seis control
He turned outside Athens for support
He turned to the spartens, spartens provide troops to help
He didn’t want people to have power and freedom
Cleisthenes was cast out of Athens
Isagoris rulled athans
Pheidippedes - made 1 of the most atonishing athelic aceivments 140 miles in 2 days
Themistocles: was one of histories greatest leaders, the savoir of his city
He realized if the persains came again they wernt going to be defeted.
Themistocles died in exile, persia.
He was ostracized- to banish or exclude somebody from society or from a particular group, either formally or informally.
Pericles: a war hero , took Themistocles's place and
Became the new the leader of athen. He was a great leader.
Wanted to glorify athens, and he liked democracy
Even though he was an aristocrat
Create a city whose greatness was admired
Pericles planed an adventure
Wanted to make athens the undisputed leader of the mediteranians
Pericles takes the podium of the great democratic asembly
War, the city state with Sparta
Fictory of the spartens would make them the leader of the mediteranian sea
The athineans embraced his plan,
Pericles new that this would not be an easy war to win
So he proposed this strategy..
He convinced athenains to retreat athens
Pericles would use the athen navy to atttack the spartens
Aspasia: what was known as a "companion" or a prostitute. Who was with Pericles
Pericles treated her as an equal though, he ivorced his wife and ended up marrying Aspasia.
Oedipus at a very early age was taken away from his parents
Kills his father, marries his mother
Places
Peloponnesian: the southern peninsula of Greece; dominated by Sparta until the 4th century BC
Mycenae: is located on a rocky ridge, is very well protected by a 20 ft. thick wall
Sparta: men's lives structured around discipline and war
When the men were away fighting women had a lot of responsibilities (men's work)
Xerxes: took rule of Persia (wanted to burn athens to the ground)
Gathered forces and troops
Persian army had set out for greece
Objects/ Vocab
Aristocrats: controlled everything that happened in Athens. Life was extremely tough. Athens was turned against itself. The whole country was in the hands of a few people.
Olympics: were a chance for any Greeks to display their quailty. Seize power whenever and however you can
Crucible: a vessel made of material that does not melt easily; used for high temperature chemical reactions
Arête: Virtue of excellence
Epics: Narrative poems celebrating heroic deeds
Myths: were created to explain creation
Aristocrat- member of the ruling class
acropolis- out cropping of rock. Built town on and around it
City-states: Greece was divided into city-states
Each had its own culture and history ; Often hated each other- did not get along, even though they had a lot in common (same gods). They didn’t get along because they were separated by mountains and they were always competing
Tyrant- somebody that ceases control (old greek definition)
Trireme- ancient ship, had men rowing it on 3 levels 170 men
Ram the enimies ship , expensive
Oracles- who comunicated with gods
Oracle of Delphi
They went to the oracle to see how they can be saved
The oracle told the athenians that they were doomed
Parthenon- in its time the most beautiful building ever build
Devoted to Athena, It was built to glorify Athens.. It was made from 20,000 tons of marble
When the building was completed, critics silenced
Was and still is the most glorious symbol of greek empire
40 foot high statue of Athenia inside had gold and jewels and ivory
15 years to build this
Parthenon Frieze - slab of marble chizle partial statue out of 500 feet worth
2 and a half inches thick along the wall of the inside of the Parthenon
Hubris- excessive pride or arrogance
Dates
from 1600-1200 BC: Mycenaean kings dominated greece
Around 1200 BC: sea people began to invade Mycenae and burnt palace after palace
508 bc ordinary people turned on their rulers
483 bc silver found; The Athenians wanted to divide the riches by them selves
200 triremes
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